Explain with examples the differnces between additive color mixture and subtractive color mixture.

PSYC 304 Week 8 Final Exam Answers

PSYC304 Perception

Final Exam (Week 8)

Question 1 of 54 1.0 Points
What depth cue could be classified as a binocular cue and an oculomotor cue?

A.accomodation
B.accretion
C.stereopsis
D.convergence

Question 2 of 54 1.0 Points
Of the oculomotor depth cues, convergence is __________ than accommodation.

A.less-effective
B.more effective
C.equally effective
D.less automatic

Question 3 of 54 1.0 Points
The imaginary place in which all objects project to corresponding points in the left and right retina is

A.thehoropter
B.univariance plane
C.constancy arc
D.Air Force One

Question 4 of 54 1.0 Points
The depth cue of ___________ is most important in the Ponzo (railroad track) illusion.

A.perspective convergence
B.accommodation
C.stereopsis
D.motion parallax

Answer Key: A
Question 5 of 54 1.0 Points
According to Gregory’s misapplied size constancy scaling hypothesis, we perceive the “arrows pointing out” version of the Muller-Lyer illusion as

A.longer, because it is perceived as being further away
B.longer because it is perceived as being closer
C.shorter, because it is perceived as further away
D.shorter, because it is perceived as being closer

Question 6 of 54 1.0 Points
A major assumption of the apparent-distance theory of the moon illusion is that they sky overhead

A.appears to be further away than the horizon because of the lack of the depth cue of atmospheric perspective
B.appears to be further away than the horizon because of the depth cue of stereopsis
C.appears to be closer than the horizon because of the lack of depth cues
D.appears to be closer than the horizon because of the depth cue of accommodation

Question 7 of 54 1.0 Points
Infants tend to look more at objects that

A.are uniformly gray
B.are uniformly black
C.are uniformly white
D.have contours

Question 8 of 54 1.0 Points
One potential limitation of the preferential looking technique is

A.it cannot be used with grating stimuli
B.it cannot be used to test the acuity of infants younger than four months old
C.an infant may perceive a difference between two stimuli, but would look at each stimulus equally
D.all of these

Question 9 of 54 1.0 Points
Contrast senstivity functions are a plot of contrast sensitivity as a function of

A.spatial frequency
B.amplitude
C.pitch
D.wavelength

Question 10 of 54 1.0 Points
Fox et al. (1980) found that the ability to use binocular disparity develops between

A.1 to 2 months
B.2 to 3 months
C.3 1/2 to 6 months
D.10 to 11 months

Answer Key: C
Question 11 of 54 1.0 Points
The ability to use binocular disparity as a depth cue

A.develops after using overlap as a depth cue
B.occurs before binocular fixation develops
C.develops after using familiar size as a depth cue
D.can be tested using random dot stereograms

Question 12 of 54 1.0 Points
The ability to make visual discriminations between cats and dogs

A.can be done by infants as young as three to four months old
B.can only be accomplished after language develops
C.can only be accomplished if films of the animals, not photos, are used
D.develops after six months, but before language develops

Question 13 of 54 1.0 Points
Turati et al. (2002) showed that infants prefer stimuli that

A.have more elements in the bottom-half
B.have more elements in the top-half
C.have symmetrical elements in the top and bottom half
D.have a more “face-like” display

Question 14 of 54 1.0 Points
The ability to perceive a rod as being continuous behind an occluding block

A.is innate
B.is common in one-week old infants
C.can be accomplished by two-month-olds
D.occurs only after sharp acuity is developed

Question 15 of 54 1.0 Points
Acuity develops to almost 20/20 vision by the time the infant is

A.one month old
B.two months old
C.six months old
D.more than one year old

Question 16 of 54 1.0 Points
Which of the following is phenomological support for the “opponent-process theory” of color vision?

A.color afterimages
B.visualizing color combinations
C.simultaneous color contrast
D.all of these

Question 17 of 54 1.0 Points
Honeybees have a cone pigment that maximally absorbs wavelengths of ___ mm.

A.335
B.710
C.900
D.None of the above

Question 18 of 54 1.0 Points
Which of the following does not need an outer or middle ear to hear effectively?

A.dogs
B.cats
C.fish
D.All of these need outer and middle ears

Question 19 of 54 1.0 Points
The range of human hearing is between ____ HZ.

A.10 and 200
B.10 and 2000
C.20 and 20,000
D.20 and 50,000

Question 20 of 54 1.0 Points
The motion of the organ of Corti causes the hair cells to bend because the hair cells are embedded in the

A.tectorial membrane
B.scalavestibuli
C.scala tympani
D.cochlear partition

Question 21 of 54 1.0 Points
Hearing loss that occurs as a function of age is called

A.presbyopia
B.presbycusis
C.aural ataxia
D.anosmia

Question 22 of 54 1.0 Points
Sound that reaches the ears after bouncing off a wall or a floor is called

A.direct sound
B.indirect sound
C.virtual sound
D.harmonics

Question 23 of 54 1.0 Points
Which of the following factors needs to be considered in architectural acoustics?

A.intimacy time
B.spaciousness factor
C.bass ration
D.all of the above

Question 24 of 54 1.0 Points
The _______ is the shortest segment of speech that, if changed, changes the meaning of the word.

A.formants
B.phonemes
C.tadomas
D.morphemes

Question 25 of 54 1.0 Points
If a listener is asked to pay attention to speech provided by familiar voices, the ______ is activated, as shown by fMRI studies.

A.FFA
B.STS
C.both the FFA and STS
D.none of the above

Question 26 of 54 1.0 Points
The discovery of ______ is used as support for the motor theory of speech perception.

A.Broca’s area
B.Wernicke’s area
C.audiovisual mirror neurons
D.simple cells in area VI

Question 27 of 54 1.0 Points
Which of the following is not a mechanoreceptor?

A.Pacinian corpuscle
B.Ruffini cylinders
C.Merkel receptors
D.Chancellor cells

Question 28 of 54 1.0 Points
The area on S1 associated with the thumb is as large as the area for the forearm. This is an example of

A.sensory substitution
B.Braille projection
C.cortical magnification
D.the analgesic inversion principle

Question 29 of 54 1.0 Points
Which of the following is an “exploratory procedure” identified by Lederman and Klatzky?

A.enclosure
B.pressure
C.contour following
D.all of the above

Question 30 of 54 1.0 Points
In most of our daily experience, we are using

A.passive touch
B.active touch
C.two-point touch
D.two-hand touch

Question 31 of 54 1.0 Points
Which of the following body parts has the lowest two point threshold?

A.fingertips
B.palms
C.forehead
D.upper arm

Question 32 of 54 1.0 Points
Endorphins are

A.morphine-like substances found in the body
B.receptors that are stimulated by extreme temperature on the skin
C.the active agent in placebos
D.have no analgesic effects

Question 33 of 54 1.0 Points
There are _____ different types of olfactory receptors in humans.

A.4
B.20
C.appx. 350
D.appx. 10,000

Question 34 of 54 1.0 Points
The human sensitivity for the odorant found in natural gas is ______ the odorant for the main substance in nail polish remover.

A.greater than
B.less than
C.the same as
D.not consistently different

Question 35 of 54 1.0 Points
Macrosmatic species will use olfaction for

A.marking territory
B.sexual reproduction
C.a guide for food sources
D.all of these

Question 36 of 54 1.0 Points
The senses of __________ are referred to as the gatekeepers.

A.olfaction and gustation
B.kinethesis and proprioception
C.vision and olfaction
D.vision and proprioception

Question 37 of 54 1.0 Points
_____ is the inability to smell due to injury or infection.

A.Aphasia
B.Anosmia
C.Alliesthesia
D.Prosopagnosia

Question 38 of 54 1.0 Points
The ________ papillae are mushroom-shaped and found on the tip and sides of the tongue.

A.filiform
B.fungiform
C.foliate
D.circumvillate

Question 39 of 54 1.0 Points
“Across-fiber patterns” is another name for

A.distributed coding
B.specificity coding
C.olfactory decoding
D.common coding

Question 40 of 54 1.0 Points
The tiny bumps on the tongue that contain the taste buds are the

A.insulae
B.lattices
C.papillae
D.tadomae

Question 41 of 54 1.0 Points
Flavor is the impression a person gets from

A.taste only
B.the combination of olfaction and kinesthesis
C.the combination of olfaction and taste
D.the combination of olfaction, taste, and vision

Question 42 of 54 1.0 Points
Which of the following tastes do newborns NOT react to?

A.bitter
B.sweet
C.sour
D.salty

Question 43 of 54 1.0 Points
Contrast sensitivity functions are a plot of contrast sensitivity as a function of

A.spatial frequency
B.amplitude
C.pitch
D.wavelength

Question 44 of 54 1.0 Points
Fox et al. (1980) found that the ability to use binocular disparity develops between

A.1 to 2 months
B.2 to 3 months
C.3 1/2 to 6 months
D.10 to 11 months

Question 45 of 54 1.0 Points
Infants tend to look more at objects that are

A.uniformly gray
B.uniformly black
C.uniformly white
D.have contours

Question 46 of 54 1.0 Points
Which of the following compounds had the same flavor whether or not the person’s nose was clamped to prevent olfaction?

A.sodiumoleate
B.ferrous sodium
C.MSG
D.all of these are all affected by clamping the nostrils

Question 47 of 54 1.0 Points
The orbital frontal cortex receives input from the

A.visual pathways
B.primary somatosensory cortex
C.primary cortical areas for taste and olfaction
D.all of these

Question 48 of 54 1.0 Points
When presented with an odor like banana or motor oil, participants can identify the odor approximately ____ % of the time.

A.10
B.50
C.87
D.98

Question 49 of 54 2.0 Points
Which factor is important for a five-month-old to perceive occlusion?

Question 50 of 54 10.0 Points
Explain with examples the differnces between additive color mixture and subtractive color mixture.

Question 51 of 54 10.0 Points
a) Briefly describe the major principle of Bekesy’s place theory of hearing. b) Describe two types of evidence that support Bekesy’s theory.

Question 52 of 54 10.0 Points
Define visual capture and give examples of this concept.

.

Question 53 of 54 10.0 Points
What is the McGurk effect? What evidence exists for the physiological basis for this effect?

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