discussion board 1396

DISCUSSION POST
Please scroll and contribute at least 2 posts to this Discussion Board on at least 2 distinct questions threads. Each post will be given points for the following:
1) adequate length (approximately 200 words)
2) clarity and good writing
3) including a specific example
4) including an in-text citation (to either assigned or extra material must use a proper citation format) – The citation should come from course readings, films, or outside sources (Prof Douglas’s lessons don’t count).
Example (author, page number)
5) including a question that you are left with.
To receive full credit, be sure to add something new to the thread and answer the question directly.
You can review a list of the questions posted below.
DISCUSSION REPLY
Please scroll and contribute at least 2 responses to your peers on this discussion board. Each post will be given points for the following:
1) adequate length (approximately 150 words)
2) clarity and good writing
3) addressing the original prompt and the student response
4) including an in-text citation (to either assigned or extra material must use a proper citation format) – The citation should come from course readings, films, or outside sources (Prof Douglas’s lessons don’t count).
Example (author, page number)
5) including a question you are left with after reading your peers’ response
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These are the questions for Discussion Post #4 in Week 8. Please respond in your Discussion Section board. Remember that there are two parts to the assignment.

Choose two of the questions below and post a response to each.
Post two replies to other students†responses.

PLEASE RESPOND TO TWO OF THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:

According to Weber, why did capitalism grow in Europe? What are the characteristics of modern capitalism? What does Weber mean by “the spirit of capitalism”? What are the differences between Weber and Blautâ€s main arguments about the rise of capitalism in Europe. Does Weberâ€s argument reflect the “European Miracle Myth” discussed in Blaut? Why or why not?
Weber observes that Protestants had greater participation in capitalism. How does he explain that tendency? (Outline his arguments about differences between Protestants and Catholics). Write about how time, money, and ethics are all connected through Protestant beliefs according to Weber. What is the purpose of an individualâ€s life according to Protestantism and capitalism? What do you think about that viewpoint?
What is “traditionalism” and how does it work against the objectives of capitalism according to Weber? What must laborers believe in order to fulfill the objectives of capitalism? Think about your own beliefs and motivations. Imagine that you have a job that allows you to live comfortably. The company for which you work changes policies, so that you will now be paid for your productivity. You have two options: 1. You could work more hours in a day, produce as much as possible, and earn more money or 2. You could work fewer hours to make the same amount of money you were making previously and go home for the day once you reach that amount. What would you choose and why? What belief system does your choice reflect according to Weber?
In the lesson, it mentions that Weber is an “idealist.” What does that mean (Please note that this definition may not be the same as our usual use of the word)? Give an example from the reading of his argument as an idealist. Do you consider yourself an idealist in this sense? Why or why not? Give an example of your beliefs and show how they are or are not idealist.
What were major differences between Lutherâ€s original intentions and beliefs and the ways his supporters who went to war took up his teachings? Include the beliefs of both regarding political and religious systems. What were 3 effects that were sparked by Lutherâ€s actions. Give another example of a leader or action that has had unintended consequences (from this course, another class, or current events).
What factors influenced the creation of the Church of England (Anglican Church)? When England became Anglican, how did religious authority shift? What were three effects of this change to the Church of England? Weâ€ve seen other examples in this class of the ways political interests and religious interests intertwine. Compare and contrast the creation of the Church of England with another example of an event that involved both religious and political interests.
What were John Calvinâ€s beliefs? How did they differ from the Church of England and Lutherans? How did beliefs of Calvinists support the basic principles of capitalism? How were wealth and poverty viewed morally and religiously by Calvinists? What were the consequences of these beliefs? Think about the beliefs of your family or the community in which you grew up (could be local, regional, or national). How are/were wealth and poverty viewed in religious or moral terms? What consequences do you see of those beliefs in the values and actions of your family or community?

2 Posts need to be replied:

Q1(1). In The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, Weber argues that, in short, Protestantism caused capitalism to grow in Europe. His argument is based on the idea that Western Europeans had superior rationality—an idea which Blaut believes is part of the European Miracle Myth and thoroughly disagrees with1—and that Protestants were especially likely to develop economic rationality (more so than Catholics), which he goes so far as calling it a “permanent intrinsic character of their religious beliefs.”2 Characteristics of modern capitalism includes this economic rationality as well as the need for continuous acquisition of wealth and profit. The spirit of capitalism is a concept in which a culmination of historical events led to the “greatest good,” the purpose of a manâ€s or womanâ€s life, as being constant accumulation of wealth.3 Blaut, on the other hand, argues that the rise of capitalism was a more gradual process that happened all over the world during the Middle ages (protocapitalism).1 Capitalism, however, became “centrated” in Europe due to colonialism, not the Protestant Reformation.1 Weberâ€s belief in intrinsic European rationality driving the growth of capitalism reflects the European Miracle Myth, in which it disregards the significance of the rise of protocapitalism that occurred around the world, as well as the wealth that Europe gained from colonialism and its devastating effects on the colonized. What is so “rational” about the pursuit of capital/wealth? Isn’t that just rationalizing greed?
References

Blaut JM. The Colonizerâ€s Model of the World: Geographical Diffusionism and Eurocentric History. Guilford Press; 1993.
Weber M. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. University of Virginia American Studies Program; 2001.
Ghosh P. What did max weber mean by the ‘spirit†of capitalism? Aeon. Published 2018. Accessed May 20, 2020. https://aeon.co/ideas/what-did-max-weber-mean-by-the-spirit-of-capitalism.

Q1 (2) Weber argues that Capitalism rose in Europe because it had had the free hand to alter the social distribution of the population according to its needs. Capitalism was a result of Religious affiliation (Protestantism), It was a result of greater relative participation of Protestants in the ownership of capital. The characteristics that lead to the rise of capitalism was the previous ownership of capital and an expensive education or material well being. Their characteristics also include inheriting a large sum of wealth from their predecessors. The spirit of capitalism is The connection of a religious way of life with the most intensive development of business. It is “that the spirit of hard work” (Weber) often classified by working administratively and not spending too much. For the people with the spirit of capitalism, the thought of the pious boredom of paradise has little attraction for their active natures; religion appears to them as a means of drawing people away from labor in this world. Business with its continuous work is the only possible motivation. The main difference between Weber and Blautâ€s main argument about the rise of capitalism is that Blaut claims Protocapitalist centers were rising in various parts of all three continents and were interconnected in a single web or network, stretching from western Europe to southern Africa to eastern Asia. Weber argues it was because of the rise of protestant ownership of capital. Weberâ€s argument somewhat reflects the European myth as he says that capitalism arose in Europe because of the Protestants. The question I am left with, what was the significance of claiming capitalism as eurocentric?
Weber M. The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism. University of Virginia American Studies Program; 2001.
 
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